Introduction:
The History of Buddhism in China
Along the Silk Road (http://www.chinapage.com/silkmap).htmla traveler could meet traders
carrying their goods, soldiers protecting different sections of the Silk Road, and
Buddhist monks on a pilgrimage to India, home of Buddha and the Buddhist religion. Many
Buddhist pilgrims from China journeyed to India to learn more about Buddhism, which had
originated in India. Buddhism greatly influenced the Chinese culture and value system.
Historical Development
Buddhism was first introduced to China about 65 CE. by two Indian monks who had been
invited by Emperor Ming of the Han Dynasty to establish a monastery in China. In the
beginning Buddhism did not have much influence in China due to the prevailing traditional
Chinese philosophy of Confucius.
With the downfall of the Han Dynasty in 220 CE and the troubled chaotic period that
followed, Buddhism was able to spread to different regions of China. China was divided
into two regions. The northern region of China was governed by non-Chinese rulers who did
not practice traditional Confucian beliefs and encouraged Buddhist practices. The southern
region of China was governed by Chinese rulers who were dissatisfied with traditional
Confucian beliefs and began to take an interest in Buddhist thought. Quickly, Buddhism was
accepted by the common people as well as government official and rulers. By the late 4th
century, 90 percent of the people in the northwest region of China (closest to central
Asia and the Silk Road) were Buddhists. From China, Buddhism spread to Japan and Korea. It
also influenced many other countries and cultures.
Buddhist Pilgrims
As Buddhism spread in China, many devout Buddhists decided to make pilgrimages to India.
They crossed many thousands of miles of desert and mountains to learn from the original
texts of Buddha and to seek learning and enlightenment with other Buddhist followers. The
long pilgrimages began as early as the mid-3rd century CE.